
Mortgage Resource Center
Get clear, consumer-first answers to today’s most-asked mortgage questions. Use the accordions below to explore topics by program and scenario. Need a tailored answer? Message the JD.Mortgage team or return to top.
General Mortgage Basics (Q1–Q20)
How this works: Click each question to reveal the answer. You can expand multiple questions at once and use the “back to top” links to navigate.
Q1. How much can I afford?
Affordability depends on income, debts, down payment, taxes/insurance, and the rate environment. We’ll model options (including buydowns/seller credits) and show break-even timelines. Try the Mortgage Calculator, then ask for a custom affordability plan.
Q2. What’s the difference between pre-qualification and pre-approval?
Pre-qualification is an estimate; pre-approval verifies docs/credit. We pre-underwrite when possible to avoid surprises and win offers. Back to top or start yours.
Q3. How do mortgage rates affect my payment?
Even small rate moves shift payment and qualifying power. We compare permanent vs. temporary buydowns and second-lien blends to keep costs predictable. For context, see weekly rate trends (then get a tailored quote). Private rate review.
Q4. What down payment do I need?
Zero down exists for VA/USDA (eligibility required). Conventional from 3–5%+, FHA 3.5%+. We layer allowable credits and DPA when available. Explore Loan Options and ask for a minimal-cash map.
Q5. What are 2025 conforming loan limits?
Baseline one-unit is $806,500 (higher in certain areas/territories). We’ll confirm your county/occupancy and compare to Jumbo. Jumbo details or check your limit.
Q6. What is DTI and why does it matter?
Debt-to-income (DTI) ratios drive approvals/pricing. We optimize by timing payoffs, restructuring debts, and using compensating factors where permitted. DTI optimization.
Q7. How is LTV calculated?
Loan-to-value = loan amount ÷ property value. LTV shapes MI requirements and pricing. We’ll design MI or piggybacks to hit better brackets. Second Mortgage • HELOC.
Q8. Do large deposits cause issues?
Un-sourced large deposits can delay underwriting. We’ll guide acceptable paper trails or timing. Ask for a deposit checklist.
Q9. How long does a mortgage take?
Purchases often close in ~21–35 days with proactive docs/appraisal/title. We front-load reviews to hit tight deadlines. Share your timeline.
Q10. Can I get approved with recent credit issues?
Often yes—especially with VA/FHA manual underwrites where residual income and compensating factors matter. We specialize in second-look approvals. Request a private review.
Q11. What are points and when do they make sense?
Points (prepaid interest) lower your rate. They make sense when break-even beats your expected timeframe. We’ll model points vs. buydowns. See your break-even.
Q12. What’s included in a monthly payment?
Principal, interest, taxes, insurance, plus MI/HOA when applicable. We’ll map true “all-in” cost. Estimate payment.
Q13. What credit score is needed?
Depends on program/investor overlays. Because we’re lender + broker, we find paths when others can’t—especially for VA with no universal minimum score from the program itself. Check options.
Q14. Can the seller pay my closing costs?
Most programs allow seller credits within caps. We design credits toward fees or buydowns for maximum impact. See our process.
Q15. Are gift funds allowed?
Yes, with eligible donors and documentation. We’ll provide templates and exact proofs needed. Get the gift-fund letter.
Q16. What documents should I prepare?
ID, pay stubs (30 days), W-2/1099 (2 years), asset statements (2 months), and full mortgage/loan statements. Self-employed may need returns and YTD P&L. Back to top or request a doc list.
Q17. How does occupancy (primary/second/investment) affect me?
Pricing, MI, reserves, and guidelines change with occupancy. We’ll structure correctly—misrepresenting occupancy is mortgage fraud. Ask privately.
Q18. Will changing jobs hurt approval?
It depends on pay type/history. Salary-to-salary moves are often fine; commission/variable pay changes require more review. Tell us your scenario.
Q19. How do I compare lenders?
Compare all-in APR, pricing credits, fees, lock policies, and execution speed. Our hybrid model lets us price across channels without junk fees. Side-by-side quote.
Q20. What if my appraisal comes in low?
We can re-work LTV/MI, renegotiate, explore second-lien blends, or re-review comps where warranted. Appraisal strategy review.
Conventional (C) (Q21–Q30)
Q21. 3% down—who qualifies?
First-time buyers and certain income/area programs. We’ll check caps and compare to FHA/USDA. Conventional Loans.
Q22. How does PMI work?
Borrower-paid monthly, single-premium, split, or lender-paid MI options exist. We’ll plan removal as equity grows. MI removal plan.
Q23. Can I use bonus/OT income?
Often with a 24-month history and stability. We’ll calculate averages correctly. Back to top.
Q24. Condo approvals—what’s different?
Budget/reserves/insurance and litigation matter. We pre-screen condo docs to avoid delays. Condo review.
Q25. Can I buy a 2–4 unit as a primary?
Yes, with program-specific LTV/MI and reserve rules. Rental income may offset payment with proper docs. Multi-unit plan.
Q26. Appraisal waivers—how do they work?
Automated systems may waive the appraisal for strong files; conditions apply. We’ll check eligibility. Check waiver.
Q27. Can I avoid escrows?
Possibly with adequate equity and investor rules—pricing can change. We’ll quantify tradeoffs. Escrow analysis.
Q28. What’s LLPAs and how do they affect pricing?
Loan-Level Price Adjustments consider LTV, credit, occupancy, etc. We structure files to reduce LLPAs. Pricing tune-up.
Q29. Can I use a second mortgage to keep the first under the limit?
Yes—piggybacks reduce first-lien size and may improve pricing. Learn more.
Q30. What if I’m just over DTI?
We’ll explore debts to pay/close, MI structures, and income add-backs to get you across the finish line. DTI rescue.
FHA (F) (Q31–Q40)
Q31. When is FHA better than Conventional?
Lower scores/higher DTI scenarios often price better with FHA’s 3.5% down and manual-UW flexibility. FHA Loans.
Q32. What are FHA manual underwrites?
Manual reviews allow compensating factors when AUS is limited. We’re experienced with manual-UW paths. Ask about manual-UW.
Q33. FHA after bankruptcy/foreclosure?
Waiting periods apply; documented extenuating circumstances may help. We’ll verify timeline and re-established credit. Back to top.
Q34. How is FHA mortgage insurance handled?
Up-front MIP + annual MIP. We compare FHA MIP vs. Conventional MI and removal strategies. FHA vs. Conv report.
Q35. Are gift funds allowed on FHA?
Yes, with eligible donors and proper sourcing. We provide exact doc templates. Gift guide.
Q36. Can I use non-occupying co-borrowers?
Often yes on FHA—helpful for qualifying. We’ll map impacts on DTI and reserves. Co-borrower review.
Q37. Rehab (203(k)) options?
Yes—limited and standard 203(k) exist for renovations; timelines and contractor docs matter. 203(k) checklist.
Q38. Condo approvals with FHA?
Project/spot approvals have specific rules. We’ll pre-review to avoid stumbles. Condo check.
Q39. Can I roll in closing costs?
Seller credits/lender credits allowed within limits; true “roll-in” is limited on purchases. We’ll maximize credits legally. Credit map.
Q40. How strict is income documentation?
FHA follows Handbook rules for stability/continuance. We’ll align pay types and history correctly. Back to top.
Jumbo (J) (Q41–Q45)
Q41. How is Jumbo different?
Investor overlays on credit, reserves, property types, and docs. Our lender/broker model lets us shop multiple investors for fit. Jumbo loans.
Q42. Are interest-only options available?
Often yes on Jumbo with stricter requirements. We’ll show lifetime cost comparisons. Compare IO vs. fixed.
Q43. How many months of reserves do I need?
Varies by investor/occupancy/LTV. We’ll map exact reserve tiers up front. Reserve plan.
Q44. Second-lien piggyback with Jumbo?
Yes in some cases; we’ll compare structure and prepayment flexibility. HELOC • Second.
Q45. Condo + Jumbo—harder?
Usually—reserve studies/budgets/insurance get more scrutiny. We pre-flight the file. Condo+Jumbo review.
Non-QM (N) (Q46–Q50)
Q46. What is Non-QM?
Loans outside agency boxes: bank-statement, DSCR, ITIN, asset-depletion, etc. We routinely place Non-QM others won’t. Non-QM.
Q47. How do bank-statement loans work?
Income is derived from deposits over a look-back period; LTV/score/reserves apply. We’ll match investor rules to your profile. Bank-statement review.
Q48. DSCR for investors—do I need personal income docs?
Typically no; underwriting focuses on property cash flow vs. payment. We’ll target DSCR thresholds and leverage. Back to top.
Q49. Can foreign nationals qualify?
Some Non-QM programs allow it with specific visas/docs/down payments. We’ll outline exact criteria. Foreign national options.
Q50. Are prepayment penalties common in Non-QM?
They can be; terms vary. We’ll quantify cost vs. flexibility before you choose. Term comparison.
Continue to Part 2 for USDA, VA, and Refinance & Home Equity FAQs (Q51–Q100). Back to top
Explore Related Pages & Programs
Main •
Loan Options •
Conventional •
FHA •
USDA •
Jumbo •
VA (No Min Credit Score) •
Refinance •
HELOC •
Second Mortgage •
Construction Loans •
Mortgage Process •
Calculator •
Contact
USDA (U) (Q51–Q60)
Q51. Who qualifies for USDA—and is it really 0% down?
USDA targets eligible rural areas with household income caps; when eligible, 0% down is common. We confirm property and income. USDA Loans • Eligibility check.
Q52. How are household income limits calculated?
USDA counts income of certain household members even if not on the loan. We’ll reconcile “qualifying” vs. “household” income. Income review.
Q53. What properties qualify as “rural”?
USDA’s map defines eligible tracts; many suburbs qualify. We’ll check addresses for you. Address check.
Q54. Is USDA only for first-time buyers?
No, but you generally can’t own suitable housing in the area. Back to top.
Q55. What about closing costs and seller credits?
Seller/lender credits allowed within limits; appraised value can allow financing certain costs when value supports it. Cost-to-close plan.
Q56. How strict is the appraisal?
USDA follows similar safety/soundness standards; we prep the file to clear common snags. Appraisal prep.
Q57. Turn-time concerns?
State-level USDA turn times vary; we monitor and time submissions to keep closings on track. Timeline review.
Q58. Can I use grants or DPA with USDA?
Sometimes—when layered within program rules. We confirm stackability. Loan Options.
Q59. Are manufactured homes eligible?
Under specific conditions (age, foundation, certifications). We’ll verify before you write offers. Eligibility screen.
Q60. Can I refinance a USDA loan?
Streamlined/streamlined-assist options may exist; we’ll check benefit tests and payment reduction. Refi check.
VA (V) (Q61–Q80)
Q61. Does VA have a minimum credit score?
VA doesn’t impose a universal minimum; many lenders add overlays. We’re known for no-overlay VA approaches, including manual underwrites. VA page.
Q62. Can I qualify with late payments or recent credit issues?
Often yes—strong residual income, solid housing history, and credible explanations matter. We help craft tight, fact-based LOEs. Private review.
Q63. What is COE and how do I get it?
A Certificate of Eligibility shows your VA entitlement. We typically retrieve it for you. COE help.
Q64. Can I have more than one VA loan at a time?
Yes, with remaining entitlement and local limits. We calculate how much entitlement is left. Entitlement calc.
Q65. Funding fee—can it be financed?
Usually yes; exemptions apply for eligible disabilities and some surviving spouses. We’ll confirm status. Confirm exemption.
Q66. Can the seller pay my closing costs or buy down the rate?
Yes within VA concession limits; we design credit allocation and compare temporary vs. permanent buydowns. Back to top.
Q67. VA appraisal—what’s different?
VA’s Minimum Property Requirements (MPRs) focus on safety/soundness. We prep the file to avoid re-inspections. MPR prep.
Q68. Can I use VA to build or renovate?
VA renovation/one-time-close options exist via select channels; we’ll confirm availability and timelines. VA build/reno options.
Q69. PCS/relocation—how does VA handle it?
We align occupancy timing, BAH, and residual-income tests to PCS realities. PCS game plan.
Q70. Can I buy a multi-unit with VA?
Yes (2–4 units) when you occupy one unit and meet residual income/underwriting. Multi-unit VA plan.
Q71. Manufactured homes with VA?
Possible with investor/insurer rules and certifications; we confirm feasibility before offers. Eligibility check.
Q72. Can I assume a VA loan?
Assumptions are possible with servicer/VA approval; timelines vary. We’ll outline pros/cons. Assumption consult.
Q73. Can I use a co-borrower who isn’t my spouse?
Yes, but entitlement/pricing changes may apply. We’ll map the structure. Co-borrower strategy.
Q74. What if my COE shows reduced entitlement?
We can still structure approvals with remaining entitlement and down payment as needed. Back to top.
Q75. Do I need reserves for VA?
Generally not, but reserves are a strong compensating factor—especially on manual underwrites. Comp factors review.
Q76. How fast can VA close?
With clean docs and appraisal timing, we routinely meet competitive timelines. Deadline plan.
Q77. Are temporary buydowns allowed on VA?
Yes when structured within VA rules and concession caps. We’ll quantify savings and recapture. Buydown map.
Q78. Can I refinance a VA loan without an appraisal?
IRRRLs (streamlines) often waive appraisal/income docs; benefit tests apply. IRRRL check.
Q79. What are common VA deal-killers—and how do you solve them?
Overlays, thin credit, and DTI hiccups. We counter with residual-income strength, housing history, reserves, and precise LOEs. Second-look review.
Q80. I was denied elsewhere—should I try again?
Yes. We specialize in approvals others won’t attempt—especially VA manual underwrites. Start a private review.
Refinance & Home Equity (Q81–Q100)
Q81. When does refinancing make sense?
Rate/payment reduction, MI removal, debt consolidation, or cash-out for projects. We model break-even and exit strategies. Refinance.
Q82. Should I refinance or use a HELOC/second?
Depends on rate gap, loan size, and payoff horizon. We’ll compare HELOC/closed-end second vs. cash-out refi. HELOC • Second.
Q83. What is a cash-out refinance?
Replacing your current mortgage with a larger one to tap equity; LTV, credit, and pricing caps apply. Cash-out analysis.
Q84. Are HELOC rates variable?
Typically yes; some products offer fixed-rate options for portions/segments. We design draw/repayment strategies. Back to top.
Q85. Can I get a HELOC behind an FHA/VA/USDA first?
Often yes, subject to investor/insurer rules and CLTV caps. We’ll check stackability. CLTV review.
Q86. Is a second mortgage better than PMI?
Sometimes—piggybacks can beat MI at certain LTVs. We model cost over your time horizon. Piggyback vs. MI.
Q87. How soon after buying can I refinance?
Benefit tests/seasoning vary by loan type and occupancy. We’ll confirm timelines. Seasoning check.
Q88. Will a refi hurt my credit score?
Inquiries may cause a small, temporary dip. Rate-shopping within a window is typically treated as one inquiry. Credit strategy.
Q89. Can I remove mortgage insurance?
Conventional MI can fall off at certain LTV milestones; FHA MIP removal is more limited—refi may help. MI removal plan.
Q90. What fees are typical on a refi?
Title, escrow, lender, recording, and any points. We show no-point vs. point options and true APR. Fee breakdown.
Q91. Can I consolidate high-interest debt?
Yes—cash-out or HELOC/second strategies can reduce monthly outflow. We map savings and discipline plans. Back to top.
Q92. Can I get a HELOC if I’m self-employed?
Yes, with income verification appropriate to the product; we’ll prep docs to pass underwriting. Self-employed HELOC.
Q93. Is a reverse mortgage an option?
For eligible seniors, a HECM can unlock equity without a monthly mortgage payment (taxes/insurance/HOA must still be paid). Reverse consult.
Q94. Can I refinance if my home value dropped?
It depends on LTV and product; alternatives include seconds or waiting for equity recovery. We’ll outline paths. Equity plan.
Q95. Can I keep my low first-mortgage rate and still get cash?
Yes—with a HELOC or closed-end second (keep first intact). We’ll compare total cost and flexibility. Blend strategy.
Q96. Are HELOCs interest-only?
Commonly during draw; repayment becomes principal+interest. We design a sustainable payoff plan. Back to top.
Q97. Can I lock a portion of my HELOC at a fixed rate?
Some products offer fixed-rate conversion of segments. We’ll confirm availability and fees. Segment options.
Q98. How does a cash-out refi affect taxes?
Consult your tax advisor. We’ll model scenarios so you can discuss specifics with a professional. Scenario modeling.
Q99. Can I refinance if I plan to move soon?
We’ll check break-even vs. your timeline and may favor temporary buydowns or seconds instead. Short-horizon plan.
Q100. What if I was told “no” on a refi or HELOC?
We specialize in situations others avoid; as a hybrid lender/broker, we have more channels to evaluate. Second-look refi/HELOC.
Programs We Offer
We work across VA, FHA, USDA, DPA, Non-QM (DSCR, Bank Statement, ITIN), HELOCs, Second Mortgages, Refinance, Construction Loans, Jumbo, Conventional, and Purchase. Have a complex scenario? Contact us privately.
Government-Backed Loan Programs
VA Home Loans – Benefits & Guidelines
The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) offers home loan benefits for eligible service members, veterans, and surviving spouses. Learn about VA loan eligibility, benefits, and guidelines.
🔗 VA Home Loan Program
FHA Loans – Government-Insured Home Financing
The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) provides mortgage insurance on loans made by approved lenders. FHA loans are designed to help homebuyers with lower down payments and credit challenges.
🔗 FHA Loan Information
USDA Home Loans – Rural Housing Assistance
The USDA offers mortgage loans with no down payment for eligible rural and suburban homebuyers. Check if you qualify for a USDA-backed home loan.
🔗 USDA Home Loan Program
Conventional Loan Resources
Fannie Mae – Conventional Loan Guidelines
Fannie Mae provides conventional loan guidelines and solutions for homebuyers. Explore eligibility requirements and loan options.
🔗 Fannie Mae Loan Information
Freddie Mac – Mortgage Solutions & Insights
Freddie Mac supports homeownership by offering affordable mortgage options and industry insights. Learn more about conventional loan solutions.
🔗 Freddie Mac Loan Programs
Foreclosure Help & Assistance
HUD Foreclosure Prevention Assistance
If you’re struggling with your mortgage payments, HUD-approved housing counselors can provide free guidance on foreclosure prevention options.
🔗 Find a HUD-Approved Housing Counselor
VA Loan Foreclosure & Assistance
VA-backed homeowners facing financial difficulties can explore repayment plans, loan modifications, and other foreclosure prevention options.
🔗 VA Home Loan Assistance
FHA Foreclosure Prevention & Mortgage Relief
FHA borrowers who are behind on payments may qualify for loan modifications, forbearance plans, or other relief programs.
🔗 FHA Loan Foreclosure Help
Fannie Mae Mortgage Assistance & Forbearance
Fannie Mae provides assistance for homeowners struggling with mortgage payments, including forbearance options and modification programs.
🔗 Fannie Mae Mortgage Help
Freddie Mac Borrower Assistance
Freddie Mac offers financial relief programs, loan modifications, and repayment plans for struggling homeowners.
🔗 Freddie Mac Borrower Assistance
Homebuyer & Financial Assistance Programs
Down Payment Assistance Programs
Many state and local governments offer financial aid for down payments and closing costs. Use this HUD resource to find programs in your area.
🔗 HUD Down Payment Assistance Programs
Credit & Homeownership Education
Annual Free Credit Report
Federal law allows consumers to request a free copy of their credit report from all three major credit bureaus once per year.
🔗 Get Your Free Credit Report
Veteran & Service Member Resources
VA Benefits & Support
Veterans and active-duty service members can access a range of benefits, including education, healthcare, and home loan assistance.
🔗 VA Benefits Portal
Military Housing & PCS Resources
For military families facing a Permanent Change of Station (PCS), this resource provides housing assistance and relocation support.
🔗 Military Housing Assistance